Avicularia purpurea molt - iridescence on the exoskeleton

I had to look up iridescence, to figure out how to spell it, and I hadn't really thought about the definition, but here it is, via wikipedia:

Iridescence (also known as goniochromism) is the phenomenon of certain surfaces that appear to gradually change colour as the angle of view or the angle of illumination changes. Examples of iridescence include soap bubbles, butterfly wings and sea shells, as well as certain minerals.

Apparently another example is the footpads of Avicularia species tarantulas.

I am really grooving on taking shots of post-molt exoskeletons. After all, you have all the time in the world to set up the shot. And I got some nice shots of the iridescence that I have been noticing in certain lights on their foot pads. And I also got a nice shot of those needle-sharp fangs. This molt had being hanging around for quite awhile at the bottom of Arabella's silk home. She seemed to be increasingly bothered by it, avoiding that end of the home, occasionally going down and pushing on it a bit. So today I decided that perhaps she would prefer it gone. Usually tarantulas decide themselves when to kick the molt out.  Most of them seem to keep them for at least a few days, not sure why. Maybe just recovering enough to have the energy to do the job.

How to know when a spider wants supper

Avicularia tarantulas are some of the most beautiful tarantulas, in my opinion. They are also notoriously hard to keep as spiderlings, requiring a delicate balance of high humidity and good cross ventilation lest they succumb to mold or molting related problems. I have two that seem to be thriving. Arabella, my Avicularia cf. purpurea, is about a year old now, and the other, Tchaiovsky, Avicularia diversipes, is about 5 months. I keep them in food containers with an opening on the top and the bottom, a crapload of ventilation holes drilled in the sides and moist cotton balls instead of substrate (for now anyway). Every time I feed them I throw out the old cotton balls and put new ones in. I figure this will really decrease the opportunity for mold to develop, and it seems to work really well for these two anyway. I keep them on my desk, not on a shelf, because there is more airflow on my desk than anywhere else in the room. Plus I like watching them while I work.

 One of the things I quite like about these guys, besides their beautiful coloration and calm temperament, as well as the way the walk around lifting their limbs incredibly high in the air, is the way the let me know when they are ready for a meal. They both have a spot that they sit every time they are ready to eat. There really isn't any guess work involved, they basically look like dogs begging for a biscuit. Unfortunately these photos don't do them justice, they both are shimmery and metallic looking in just the right light, but I never seem to be able to capture that light with my camera.

Tchaikovsky

Arabella

Time between molting for different arachnids

Almost since I began keeping arachnids I have been keeping a log of feeding, molting and rehousing of all of my arachnids. Mostly because I have the memory of a mouse, and if I don't keep track I will have no idea who is due for what, and they would all probably starve.  I have noticed, not surprisingly, that as animals get older, the time between molts grows longer.  I thought I would look a little more closely at this to see if I could figure out how to predict the next molt for an individual. Well I haven't gotten that far yet, but I did find an interesting pattern.

In the following graph the green lines represent my four Amblypygi (Tailess whip scorpions), the black lines represent three different species of tarantula, and the red line represents a single true spider, my Tegenaria gigantean (giant European house spider).  Please note, the Y-axis is a bit arbitrary.  Day 1 was simply the first day I started the log (and I got the animals at different points in the log), and the first molt wasn't necessarily the first molt ever for the animal, they may have molted before I got them. The best fit for these lines would not be a straight line, obviously, but just for interest sake I treated them as straight lines and calculated the slope.  The Amblypygi have a slope of between 103 and 185, the tarantulas between 40 and 68, and the true spider at 29.  This means that the number of days between molts for the Amblypygi goes up much more steeply as they age then either the tarantulas or the true spider. I was a bit surprised by the difference between the Amblypygi and the tarantulas, because I thought the slope might be related to the longevity of the animal, but Amblypygi and tarantulas are similarly long lived, and and least some species of tarantulas live longer.  However, Amblypygi molt their entire lives, albeit very seldom as adults.

What is the application of this?  Nothing much that I can think of . . . for now. It would be useful to be able to predict when an animal is due to molt. Usually their behavior gives it away, not feeding, hiding, etc. But sometimes we miss these subtle cues, and a cricket loose with a molting animal can be disastrous. Knowing a range of when an animal is likely to molt could make me more careful about feeding.  Also it's just kind of interesting. Another question I would really like to answer is will stress cause them to delay molting?

Featured tarantula - Hapalopus sp. Columbia

This beautiful girl pictured below is my Hapalopus sp. Columbia, large morph. She is a captive bred tarantula, like all my arachnids, and comes from Tarantula Canada (tarantulacanada.com).  I got her as a 1/4 inch spiderling in April of 2016, so she has done very well, she is probably about an inch in leg span now, and has molted three times since April, and she is likely due for another one soon.  I keep her just at room temperature, which in my room tends to be between 22 Celsius and 24 daytime and 20 or so at night (I don't provide extra heat for any of my tarantulas and they seem to do fine). She likes to web her container fairly extensively, mostly sheets on the ground as you can see in the picture, and doesn't seem interested in burrowing at all, though others have reported a lot of burrowing by this species. I keep a water dish in the form of a coke bottle lid in one corner and over fill it whenever it gets low. I keep her currently in a size small critter keeper. I know people tend to keep spiderlings in vials (pillbottles), but I find my tarantulas do just fine in larger spaces.  When it's time to feed them, if they are having trouble chasing down their prey, I use a small paint brush to usher the prey towards them to make it easier for them to catch.  I don't like the idea of my arachnids having really small habitats, and I find this is a good compromise.

Those Hairy, Scary Tarantulas

When I got started with arachnid and insect pets, I had no intentions of getting any tarantulas.  After a few orders from tarantulacanada.com, my all time favorite source of critters, they sent me a free tarantula.  The non-intimidating kind, just a quarter of an inch big.  Tiny, pink, and positively not scary.  Easing me in, they were, like the drug dealer giving away dime bags of coke to unsuspecting children. I was however, quite horrified at getting that first tarantula, especially since I wasn't expecting it.  But it was quite cute, in a weird sort of way, so I kept it, as well as the 3 other freebie tarantulas they sent me over the next several months. I began to really look forward to the surprises they sent me. Well I have seven tarantulas now, my four freebies and three dwarfs ordered on purpose.  While most of them are still acceptably small, the first two freebies are now large.  Large for me anyway, 2.5 inches from tip of toe to tip of toe. I am a little freaked out by these not so small tarantulas,  In fact, I have one of them on kijiji even as we speak.  A girl contacted me the other day expressing interest in buying one of them.  She asked me if I handled them, and I said "No, I think they could be handled, they are quite mellow, but it just isn't my thing."  This was putting it mildly.  She sent me back a picture of herself, holding a much larger tarantula in her hand.  This prompted my response, "That would make me scream like a small child." She asked how old I was. She was probably shock to discover that I am probably 2X her age.

Today I tried to move one of these suckers out of her old enclosure into a new, bigger, better one, in preparation for sale.  Well the darn thing ended up skittering around my desk, much faster than I would have believed possible for a critter that normally lumbers like a cow in labor.  Fortunately I caught it, after squealing like a 5 year old for awhile.  Nope, truth is I am not that keen on the big tarantulas, call me a wimp if you wish, I don't mind.  I will stick with my mantids, whip-spiders, jumping spiders, etc.  And the dwarf tarantulas, there are some really beautiful, colorful dwarfs.  Oh, and Avicularia tarantulas (they are more like little ballerinas than spiders).  I still look forward to my surprises from Tarantula Canada, and I really like watching the tiny little spiderlings grow into recognizable tarantulas, but once they get a certain size, well, pet spider anyone?

Jennifer, Hairy and Scary

Spiders are people too . . . .

Spiders are people too . . . .well no, of course they are not.  I have decidedly less than 8 legs, my canines, closest thing I have to fangs, got worn down years ago, and I am pretty sure I have no venom to inject anyway. I am not a spider, and a spider is not me. But the reason that this statement popped into my head is the concept that people tend to have of not-people.  For instance, in my family, my parents liked pure-bred spaniels.  They believed that if they got a pure-bred spaniel, they knew exactly what kind of dog they were getting, reasonably laid back, good with children, not too much barking, etc.  Sometimes it worked and sometimes it didn't.  There were some great dogs, but there was one springer spaniel that we had to find a home for because it kept chasing cars, and another that had to be put down because it turned on my dad, unprovoked, and bit his arm badly enough to require stitches.  People seem to have a belief that a particular species of animal will come with a particular temperament and set of behaviors. You see this all the time when you look up species of tarantula on the internet.  You will find a care sheet that says that X species of tarantula is docile, rarely kicks hairs, good for beginners, or that Y species of tarantula is very defensive and will strike multiple times if threatened.  These aren't bad guidelines, and are probably generally true, but just like people, and dogs, spiders also have their own individual personalities.  I was prompted to write about this today, because I have a particularly extreme example occurring in my own house right now. I ordered two Hapalopus sp. spiderlings from TarantulaCanada.com.  They would have been from the same egg sac, I am guessing, but they couldn't be more different.

They come in a pill-bottle sized container, wrapped in a bit of gauze.  I pulled the first gauze out, and gently opened it up in the container that was to be "Lucius's" home.  Well, Lucius decided that it would be fun to run amok, and before I knew it, he was up the side of the container and down the other side and running laps around my bathroom counter top and up across the mirror.  I was chasing him all over, trying frantically to trap him under the container he came in before he managed to hit the floor and head for the rest of the house.  After I got him back in his pill bottle, I made a quick change to a taller, thinner container for him to live in, one that I hoped I could get closed before he streaked up the side and went AWOL again.  After I got him settled, I really thought, did I bite off more than I can chew this time?  I have two of these crazy things! I had tried to research this particular species before ordering, but hadn't found much about them.  The second one I opened with a great deal more caution, but I needn't have worried, getting this one to lumber out of the gauze and onto the soil took a very long time, and then he only went a few steps off the gauze and froze.  Since then, Lucius has mostly been hanging upside down on the screen at the top of the container, and has absolutely slaughtered the fruit flies and cricket that I have introduced.  Neville on the other hand, has taken up residence in his little coke-bottle-lid hiding spot and hasn't even peaked a leg out in 3 days.

Pet stores and tarantulas

I frequent a few pet shops on a regular basis, for entertainment, to pass the time, and to buy crickets.  One pet store I go to frequently had a Avicularia avicularia, a pinktoe tarantula.  They had her in a very large glass aquarium, with no side ventilation, sitting on sand, with nothing to climb on.  Anyone who knows anything about keeping Avics knows this is a really bad idea.  Everything is wrong about this setup.  I saw her and felt sad.  I kind of wanted to rescue her, but that seemed like a bad idea, because the store would probably replace her with another one, and treat it badly as well.  I wanted to say something, to write a letter, to jump up and down and complain, but I am just not that assertive.  After seeing her in a sorry state for about 2 months, I decided to take her home, knowing it was a stupid idea.

When I bought her, I mentioned to the sales guy that she was inappropriately housed, and described how she should be housed.  He claimed that he just hadn't had time yet to fix up her housing.  I didn't say anything about how I had watched her for 2 months.  When I got her home it was clear that she wasn't well.  I tried tarantula ICU off and on for a number of days, trying to get her sufficiently re-hydrated.  She did rally for a little while, even did a little webbing.  Then she settled down on the substrate and got progressively worse.  Another round of spider ICU did nothing, and finally she did the tarantula death curl.

Here she is when she was about as well as she ever got in my care:

A very beautiful spider!

Pet stores generally seem to keep tarantulas in inappropriate ways.  They often don't seem to know or care whether the animal was captive bred or wild caught.  I asked a sales person in a different store about whether or not a particular spider was wild caught or not, and he said well of course it was, you couldn't breed them in captivity.  I then listed two different breeders of said species, and he just kind of mumbled and moved on.

The moral of the story is, don't buy arachnids from pet stores, go to a reputable breeder!  (I will take my own advice in the future).